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Part 1: CST Practice Tests
Full-length CST practice tests that mirror the real Certified Surgical Technologist (CST) exam.
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What is the CST Exam?
The CST exam is the certification exam required to become a surgical technologist.
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A Certified Surgical Technologist (CST) assists in surgeries by preparing operating rooms, sterilizing instruments, and supporting the surgical team during procedures.
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To become a CST, you need to be certified in these skills and understand how to handle the tasks you'll perform in the operating room. In some states, the National Board of Surgical Technology and Surgical Assisting (NBSTSA) administers the CST exam. Once you pass the exam, you can work as a certified surgical technologist.
CST Exam Outline
The CST exam is a computer-based, multiple-choice test that assesses the knowledge and skills required for a career as a surgical technologist. It is a written exam, designed to evaluate your understanding of surgical procedures, patient care, instrumentation, and other relevant topics in the field. The test is administered by the National Board of Surgical Technology and Surgical Assisting (NBSTSA) and is a crucial step toward earning certification.
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The exam consists of 175 questions in total. Of these, 150 are scored, while the remaining 25 are unscored pretest questions used to assess their validity for future exams. These unscored questions do not impact your overall score but are included to help the NBSTSA refine the test for future candidates. The questions are randomly selected from a pool of topics, including surgical procedures, patient care, safety, and sterile techniques.
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Candidates are given a time limit of 4 hours to complete the exam. This time is generally sufficient to review and answer all questions carefully, though it’s important to pace yourself throughout the test. The time limit ensures that the test is both challenging and fair, allowing enough time to demonstrate your expertise without feeling rushed. To prepare, it is essential to practice managing time and reviewing the material thoroughly before taking the exam.
CST Exam Topics
Updated for 2025
Equipment Sterilization and Maintenance
Administrative and Personnel
Ancillary Duties
Postoperative Procedures
Intraoperative Procedures
Preoperative Preparation
Perioperative Care
Surgical Pharmacology
Microbiology
Anatomy and Physiology
Basic Science
The CST exam topics, as you can see above, are:
1. Perioperative Care
Perioperative care refers to the care provided to patients before, during, and after surgery. It is essential for surgical technologists to have a strong understanding of the steps involved in the perioperative process to ensure patient safety, effective care, and smooth surgical procedures.
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Preoperative Preparation: This phase involves preparing both the patient and the surgical environment before surgery. The surgical technologist plays a key role in this stage by ensuring that the patient is properly identified, confirming the surgical site, and verifying any preoperative orders. This includes ensuring that the patient has been correctly marked for the procedure, administering the appropriate antibiotics as ordered, and preparing the operating room with sterile instruments, drapes, and supplies. Additionally, the surgical technologist ensures that the patient’s vital signs are stable, and they assist in positioning the patient for the surgery to ensure comfort and access to the surgical site.
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Intraoperative Procedures: The intraoperative phase refers to the period during surgery. The surgical technologist assists the surgical team by preparing and passing instruments, maintaining the sterile field, and anticipating the needs of the surgeon and other team members. They are responsible for managing surgical instruments, ensuring proper sterilization and cleanliness throughout the procedure, and handling specimen collection as needed. Surgical technologists also monitor patient safety, including tracking blood loss and ensuring that the patient remains properly positioned and supported.
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Postoperative Procedures: After the surgery, the surgical technologist plays a role in the patient's recovery and the proper handling of surgical instruments. This includes helping to clean the operating room, properly disposing of biohazardous materials, and ensuring that any used equipment is sterilized. In the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), the technologist may assist in monitoring the patient’s recovery by checking vital signs, ensuring the surgical site is properly dressed, and observing for any complications. Proper documentation of the surgery and instruments used is also a key part of the postoperative responsibilities.
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2. Ancillary Duties
Ancillary duties involve supporting roles that surgical technologists perform to maintain the operational and logistical aspects of the surgical team. These tasks are vital to ensuring smooth surgical operations and a well-maintained environment for both patients and staff.
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Administrative and Personnel: Surgical technologists may assist in administrative tasks, which could include coordinating schedules, managing surgical supplies, and ensuring the accuracy of patient charts. They often serve as a liaison between the surgical team and other hospital personnel. These administrative duties might also involve inventory control, ensuring that supplies are stocked and ready for use, and maintaining accurate records of all surgical procedures. Personnel management can include assisting in training new staff or providing input into workflow improvements within the surgical department.
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Equipment Sterilization and Maintenance: Proper sterilization and maintenance of surgical instruments and equipment are vital to patient safety. Surgical technologists must be well-versed in cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing tools and equipment to prevent infections and ensure that everything used in the operating room is safe and sterile. This responsibility includes handling autoclaves, ultrasonic cleaners, and other sterilizing equipment, as well as maintaining and organizing surgical tools. Sterile equipment must be inspected regularly for damage, and any malfunctioning equipment must be reported immediately to ensure patient safety.
3. Basic Science
Basic science knowledge is crucial for understanding the underlying principles that govern surgery, anatomy, and patient care. This section of the CST exam covers the scientific knowledge needed for effective practice as a surgical technologist.
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Anatomy and Physiology: Surgical technologists must have a strong understanding of human anatomy and physiology to anticipate the surgeon’s needs during a procedure. Knowledge of the body's systems, organs, tissues, and structures allows the surgical technologist to understand how they interact during surgery. This includes recognizing the structures that need to be exposed or manipulated, how to assist with positioning, and the critical anatomical relationships that may affect the surgical approach. Understanding both normal anatomy and common pathologies is crucial for surgical safety and effectiveness.
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Microbiology: Microbiology plays a significant role in preventing infections and understanding how to maintain a sterile environment. Surgical technologists need to know how bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms behave in the body and the operating room. This knowledge is used to prevent contamination during surgery, manage sterile techniques, and understand the importance of proper antibiotic use and infection control procedures. Sterile techniques, proper hand hygiene, and understanding the transmission of pathogens are core elements of the surgical technologist’s role in infection control.
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Surgical Pharmacology: Surgical pharmacology refers to the knowledge of drugs used in surgery, including anesthetics, antibiotics, and medications used for pain management, anticoagulation, and other purposes. Surgical technologists need to be familiar with the types of medications used during the perioperative period, their effects on the body, and how they are administered. This includes understanding the dosages, potential side effects, and the correct handling and labeling of medications. Additionally, surgical technologists must be aware of the importance of drug interactions and the proper management of medications during surgery to ensure patient safety.
What is the passing score for the CST exam?
The passing score for the CST exam is based on a scaled scoring system, which means that the raw score (the number of correct answers) is converted into a scale score. Although the specific numerical passing score is not publicly disclosed, it’s estimated that a score of approximately 70% or higher is required to pass.
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Scaled Scoring: The scaled score helps account for variations in difficulty across different exam versions, ensuring that candidates' scores are comparable regardless of the specific set of questions they receive. A passing score reflects a candidate's ability to demonstrate adequate knowledge and competence in surgical technology.
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Scoring System: There are 150 scored questions, and each correct answer adds to your overall score.The 25 unscored questions, which are randomly mixed in with the scored questions, do not contribute to your final score but may appear as if they are scored. These questions are used by the NBSTSA to evaluate new items for future exams.
To increase the chances of passing, it’s advisable to aim for a score well above the minimum passing threshold. Many successful candidates achieve scores of 80% or higher.
How do I register for the CST exam?
To register for the CST exam, candidates need to follow a few specific steps. These steps are designed to ensure that you are eligible for the exam and can schedule it at a convenient time and location.
Step 1: Create an Account
Visit the National Board of Surgical Technology and Surgical Assisting (NBSTSA) website and create an account. This account will allow you to manage your registration, track your progress, and access important updates regarding your exam.
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Step 2: Submit the Application
Complete the exam application, providing necessary personal information and details about your educational background and work experience. You will need to verify that you have completed an accredited surgical technology program or met the work experience requirements for eligibility.
Step 3: Pay the Exam Fee
Pay the exam fee as part of the registration process. The fee typically ranges from $190 to $290, depending on whether you are taking the exam for the first time or if you are retaking it. Ensure that the payment is processed successfully before proceeding.
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Step 4: Schedule Your Exam
After your application is approved, you will receive instructions on how to schedule your exam. The CST exam is administered at Pearson VUE testing centers, and you can select a convenient testing location and time slot based on availability. It's important to book early to secure your preferred exam date.
Step 5: Receive Confirmation
Once your exam is scheduled, you will receive a confirmation email with all the necessary details, including the date, time, and location of the exam, as well as what you need to bring with you.
What are the prerequisites for sitting the CST exam?
Before you can sit for the CST exam, you must meet certain eligibility requirements. These prerequisites ensure that candidates have the necessary education and experience to take the exam and work effectively as surgical technologists.
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Completion of an Accredited Surgical Technology Program
You must have graduated from a surgical technology program accredited by a recognized agency, such as the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP) or the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES). This typically involves completing a formal education program that includes both classroom instruction and clinical practice.
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Work Experience
If you did not attend an accredited program but have work experience as a surgical technologist, you may still be eligible to take the exam. Generally, you will need to have worked as a surgical technologist for a certain period (often 2-3 years) and demonstrate that you have the necessary skills and knowledge.
Additional Requirements
Some states may have specific additional requirements or documentation needed, such as proof of employment or verification of your educational program.
What should I expect on test day?
On the day of the CST exam, it’s important to be well-prepared and understand what to expect. Proper preparation will help ensure that you can approach the exam with confidence.
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Arriving at the Testing Center
Arrive at the test center at least 30 minutes before your scheduled exam time. This gives you time to check in, complete any necessary paperwork, and get settled before the exam starts. Late arrivals may not be allowed to take the exam.
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Identification
You will need to bring two forms of government-issued identification, including one with a photo (e.g., driver’s license, passport). Make sure your IDs are current and valid. If you do not bring the required ID, you may be denied entry to the exam.
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Test Environment
The exam will be taken on a computer in a quiet, secure room. The testing center will provide you with a computer terminal and all necessary materials. You will be seated in a private space with no distractions during the exam. Electronic devices such as cell phones are not permitted during the test.
During the Exam
You will have 4 hours to complete the 175 questions. Be mindful of the time, but don’t rush through questions. It’s important to pace yourself and answer each question to the best of your ability.
How soon will I know my results?
After you complete the CST exam, you will receive immediate feedback, though the official results may take a little longer.
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Preliminary Results: Once you submit your exam, you will receive a preliminary score report immediately. This report will indicate whether you passed or failed the exam, although the results are not final.
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Official Results: Official results are typically available within 2 to 3 weeks after the exam. These results are sent by email and include your final score, which will provide detailed feedback on your performance.
What happens if I fail the exam?
Failing the CST exam does not mean the end of your certification journey. There are clear steps to follow if you need to retake the exam.
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Retake Eligibility: If you do not pass the exam, you are allowed to retake it. However, you must wait a specified period (usually 30 days) before scheduling your retake. This gives you time to review the areas where you struggled and improve.
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Retake Fee: A fee is required to retake the exam. The retake fee is generally the same as the initial exam fee.
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Study and Preparation: After failing the exam, take time to review your study materials, focus on weak areas, and consider additional resources such as practice tests or study guides to help you prepare more effectively for the next attempt.
What are the benefits of passing the CST exam?
Becoming a Certified Surgical Technologist (CST) offers numerous professional and personal benefits.
Increased Job Opportunities
CST certification is widely recognized in the healthcare industry and can open doors to job opportunities in various surgical settings, including hospitals, outpatient clinics, and surgical centers. Employers often prioritize certified candidates because certification demonstrates expertise and commitment to the profession.
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Higher Salary Potential: Certified surgical technologists typically earn higher salaries than non-certified technologists. Certification can lead to better pay, career advancement, and opportunities for specialization within the field.
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Professional Credibility: Passing the CST exam and earning certification demonstrates your competence and dedication to the profession. It validates your knowledge and skills, enhancing your credibility among employers, peers, and patients.
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Job Security and Career Growth: CST certification can increase job security, as many healthcare facilities require or prefer certified technologists. It can also be a stepping stone for further career development, including supervisory roles or positions in surgical specialties.
How to Study for the CST Exam:
A Comprehensive Guide
Preparing for the Certified Surgical Technologist (CST) exam can be a challenging yet rewarding process, but with the right strategies, resources, and mindset, you can go in confident and ready to succeed. This guide will provide you with practical study techniques, essential resources, and expert tips to help you master the material and pass the CST exam with ease.
1. Focus on Key Areas
The CST exam covers a wide range of topics, but some areas are more heavily weighted than others. Ensure you focus on the three core content areas:
Make sure you’re comfortable with both theory and practical application in each of these areas.
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Perioperative Care (preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care)
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Ancillary Duties (administrative duties, equipment sterilization, and maintenance)
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Basic Science (anatomy, physiology, microbiology, and surgical pharmacology)
2. Gather the Right Study Materials
To ensure a comprehensive study experience, invest in high-quality study materials:
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Exam Prep Apps: Choose study guides with practice tests, clear explanations, and key CST topics. We recommend our CST Exam Prep Apps for interactive features, progress tracking, and flexible, on-the-go study. Our app’s structured approach makes mastering the material easier and review sessions more effective.
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Online Practice Tests: Many websites offer free and paid practice tests to help you get familiar with the exam’s format and timing. With our CST Exam Prep Apps, you can access 10 free tests for 7 days, giving you a risk-free way to practice and build confidence before the exam.
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Flashcards: Flashcards are excellent for memorizing key terms and medical abbreviations. You can create your own or use CST-specific flashcard sets available online.​​
3. Understand the Exam Structure and Content Areas
Before you start preparing, it’s crucial to understand the exam format and what topics will be covered:
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Exam Format: The CST exam consists of 175 multiple-choice questions—150 are scored and 25 are unscored (pretest). These questions are based on practical and theoretical knowledge required for surgical technologists.
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Content Areas:
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Perioperative Care (Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative Procedures)
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Ancillary Duties (Equipment Sterilization, Administrative Responsibilities)
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Basic Science (Anatomy, Physiology, Microbiology, and Surgical Pharmacology)
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4. Create a Study Schedule
A structured study plan is crucial for staying organized and ensuring you cover all the necessary material:
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Start Early: Aim to begin studying at least 8-12 weeks before the exam. This will give you enough time to thoroughly review all topics without feeling rushed.
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Breakdown by Topics: Dedicate specific time blocks for each major content area. For example:
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Weeks 1-3: Focus on Perioperative Care (Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative procedures).
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Weeks 4-6: Dive into Ancillary Duties, especially equipment sterilization and administrative tasks.
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Weeks 7-8: Concentrate on Basic Science (Anatomy, Physiology, Microbiology, and Surgical Pharmacology).
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Set Milestones: Set small weekly goals (e.g., completing one practice test, reviewing 2-3 chapters) to keep track of your progress.
5. Take Practice Exams Regularly
Practice exams are one of the most effective ways to prepare:
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Timed Practice Tests: Simulate real exam conditions by timing yourself. This can improve your pacing and manage test-day anxiety.
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Analyze Your Results: After each practice test, review your incorrect answers to identify your weaknesses. Focus on these areas in your future study sessions.
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Set Goals: Aim to improve your score with each practice test, working toward a passing score for your state (usually 70-80%).
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Start your free 7-day trial with our CST Exam Prep App and get 10 realistic tests to track your progress and build confidence. Practice regularly, focus on key areas, and be ready for test day! Try it now at (LINK)
6. Master the Exam’s Practical and Theoretical Elements
Since the CST exam is designed to assess both practical knowledge and theoretical understanding, make sure to:
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Understand Procedures: Be familiar with various surgical procedures, instruments, and techniques. Know when and why certain procedures are performed and how surgical instruments are used.
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Know Anatomy and Physiology: Thoroughly review anatomical terms, organ systems, and the human body’s functions. Knowing anatomy is crucial for understanding procedures and surgical roles.
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Sterilization and Infection Control: Review the principles of sterilization, infection prevention, and aseptic technique. Understanding how to properly sterilize instruments and manage surgical environments is vital.
7. Test Day Preparation
Preparing for the exam day itself is just as important as your study plan:
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Get Plenty of Rest: Try to get a full night's sleep before the exam. Fatigue can affect concentration and performance.
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Arrive Early: Arrive at the Pearson VUE test center at least 30 minutes before your scheduled exam time to account for check-in procedures.
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Bring Proper ID: You will need two forms of government-issued identification. Ensure they are valid and match the information you provided during registration.
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Stay Calm: Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or visualization if you feel anxious. Confidence plays a big role in exam performance.
Take a CST Practice Test
Conclusion
To prepare for the Certified Surgical Technologist (CST) exam, a balanced approach of studying essential surgical technology concepts and practicing with exam-style questions is the best strategy. Regular practice not only deepens your knowledge but also helps you get familiar with the CST exam format, time limits, and question styles so you can feel prepared and confident on test day.
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With ExamReview, you gain access to a variety of CST practice tests that closely simulate the real exam experience. These practice tests let you track your progress, focus on specific areas that need improvement, and gradually build the skills and confidence you need to pass. Our platform’s targeted practice and performance tracking will help you enter your CST exam fully prepared for success.
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